Pier fishing: where, when and what rig to use

Where on the pier

The end of the pier usually reaches the deepest water, and that is often where the bigger fish are. Depending on the pier, fish can also hold closer to shore, so try several spots.

Look for structure under and around the pier: drop-offs, rocks, sand bars and channels where fish travel. Birds diving in one spot often show predators feeding on baitfish near the surface.

When to go: tide and light

Early morning and the hour before dusk are usually best. In California the state wildlife agency recommends an incoming high tide and mild to moderate surf for beach fishing.

In cold regions in winter, midday can beat dawn and dusk. In warm areas night fishing under the pier lights can work, because light draws baitfish. Check that the pier is open at night first.

Pescaday shows the next NOAA tide station, the weather and today's bite window for your spot in the planner, free and without an account.

Rigs, hooks and line

On sand a pyramid sinker holds the bottom, over rocks a bank sinker snags less. For mackerel and baitfish a sabiki rig works. A Carolina rig with a small grub is a good light option.

Hooks from size 1 to 4/0 cover most pier fish: smaller for baitfish and panfish, larger for mackerel or drum. Match the hook to the bait.

• Dropping straight down: stout rod of 6 to 7 feet.
• Casting farther out: rod of 9 to 10 feet.
• Line: 20 to 40 lb test for most pier fishing, lighter for panfish.
• Bring a drop net to lift fish up. Use a gaff only on fish you keep, because it injures them.

Bait

Shrimp and squid work almost everywhere, because local fish feed on them. Pier tackle shops often stock bloodworms, shrimp, squid, anchovies and sardines and know what is biting. Catching your own bait with a sabiki saves money.

License and pier rules

Rules differ by state. In California no fishing license is needed on a public pier in ocean or bay waters, but size limits, bag limits, report cards and seasons still apply, and you may use only two rods and lines at a time. A public pier there must connect to the shore, be free to access and be built or used mainly for fishing.

Many other public piers also let you fish without a license, but not all, and some charge an entry or fishing fee. Check your state's rules before you go.

Pier etiquette

• Leave room to cast and never cast over someone else's line.
• When someone hooks a big fish, step aside so they can follow it.
• Do not leave your catch or gear unattended.
• Take your trash and line with you.

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